- The period of the Three 皇 huáng and five 帝 dì (2852–2070 BCE)
- The 夏 Xià Dynasty (2070–1600 BCE)
- The 商 Shāng Dynasty (1600–1046 BCE)
- The First Sino-Japanese War and the Awakening of National Consciousness
- The Treaty of Shimonoseki. The End of the Tributary System
- The Triple Intervention
